This Day in History: The Book of Mormon was published on this day in 1830. Many since the 1800's have pointed out that the Mormons and Islam have many similarities. For instance, both have their own extra-Biblical religious books (Book of Mormon and the Koran). Both have a history of polygamy. The founding prophet of both faiths have been visited by an angel. When the founding prophet died, both religions had schisms. Both are active in proselytizing nonbelievers, both believe that the text of the Bible has been corrupted, both revere their founding prophet, both place strong emphasis on chastity and modesty in dress, both prohibit alcohol, gambling, and homosexuality, both reject the Trinity in their own way and both Muhammad and Joseph Smith were persecuted by hostile locals and later forced to relocate.
See also Over 300 Books on Mormons (Latter Day Saints) on DVDrom (Joseph Smith etc)
https://thebookshelf2015.blogspot.com/2015/09/over-300-books-on-mormons-latter-day.html
See also The Mormon Holy Books by R.W. Beers 1887
https://thebookshelf2015.blogspot.com/2017/07/the-mormon-holy-books-by-rw-beers-1887.html
The Mysterious Book of Mormon by Charles Sundberg 1917
https://thebookshelf2015.blogspot.com/2017/06/the-mysterious-book-of-mormon-by.html
Sex and Mormon Theology by Theodore Schroeder 1908
https://thebookshelf2015.blogspot.com/2017/01/sex-and-mormon-theology-by-theodore.html
Thursday, March 26, 2020
Sunday, March 22, 2020
Printing Errors in Bible Versions by Henry Barker 1911
PRINTERS' ERRORS in Bible Versions by Henry Barker 1911
See also 250 Rare Bibles & Testaments on Two DVDroms and The History of the English Bible - 125 Books on DVDrom
IN a popular handbook something should be said about peculiar translations and errors in the printing of Bibles, etc., which have given by-names to certain editions of the Bible. Some of these are as follows.
The "Breeches" Bible. The Geneva Bible. Genesis iii. 7 reads "breeches" instead of "aprons."
The "Bug" Bible. Coverdale edition of 1551. Ps. xci. 5 reads "afraid of bugs by night."
The reading here is "affrayed for eny bugges by night." In our language of to-day the word "bug" occurs in two widely different relations: (a) an object of terror, e. g. bugbear: (b) insects creeping, flying, annoying; and specially bed-bugs.
In the Psalms we have nothing to do with (b). We must resort to (a); and here we have "bug-a-bo" or "bug-a-boo," and (as above) "bug-bear," which means a spectre or hobgoblin, any frightful object, specially one, which on being boldly confronted, vanishes away; and so, an idle phantom, practically a ghost, a spirit. An unsuspected word has the same idea with a compound prefix. "Hum-bug" is a shambug, a hoax, a piece of trickery, a pretence, an imposition. "Bogie" or "Bogle" is the same as "bug," a hobgoblin, or spectre, anything designed to frighten. Burns has a line: "Ghaist nor Bogle shalt thou fear."
In the days when people thought that priests ought not to be married, a historian, speaking of those who held such views, says: "Women in those days were great bugs" (i. e. objects of terror) "in their eyes."
So the quaint Coverdale "eny bugges," and our A. V. and R. V. "the terror," and our Prayer Book version "any terror," mean after all very much the same; it is simply the English language that has changed. Cf. No. 50, page 243 (Note).
The "Dagger" Bible, 1 Kings i. 2: The Text with a reference to the margin reads: "The King shall (dagger symbol inserted here) sleep with his Fathers." An Early American Edition of the Bible, printed in Philadelphia, reads: "The King shall dagger sleep with his Fathers."
The "Discharge" Bible, 1 Tim. v. 21: "I discharge thee before God." Printed in 1806.
The "Ears to Ear" Bible. Matthew xiii. 43 reads, "ears to ear let him ear."
The "He and She" Bible. Early issues of the A. V. of 1611. Ruth iii. 15, last clause, some copies read "he" (Boaz) and others "she" (Ruth). The A. V. reads "she"; the R. V. reads "he";cf. Ruth iv. 1.
The "Lambs" Bible, Mark v. 3, an edition of the Bible printed by the American Bible Society in 1855, has "who had his dwelling among the lambs" in the place of "tombs."
The "Leda" Bible. The Bishops' Bible. From the initial letter of the Epistle to the Hebrews, which had the mythological picture of Leda (nude) and the Swan.
The "Murderers'" Bible. An edition of the A. V. of 1801. Jude 16 reads "murderers" for "murmurers."
The "Placemakers'" Bible. 1562. Matthew v. reads "Blessed are the placemakers."
The political aspect at the time caused this Bible to be known as the "Whig" Bible.
The "Printers'" Bible. Ps. cxix. 161 reads "printers" for "princes."
The "Rebekah's Camels" Bible. Genesis xxiv. 61: "And Rebekah arose and her camels." Printed in 1573.
The "Rosin" Bible. 1609. Jeremiah viii. 22 reads "Is there no rosin in Gilead?"
The "Standing Fishes" Bible. Ezekiel xlvii. 10 reads "fishes" for "fishers."
The "To remain" Bible. Galatians iv. 29.
This is one of the strangest though most naturally named Bibles.
A proofreader doubted whether there ought to be a "," after the word "Spirit" in the following passage: "But as then he that was born after the flesh persecuted him that was born after the Spirit, even so it is now." He consulted a superior in the printing office, who returned the proof to him with the words "to remain" written in the margin as the answer to his inquiry. The proofreader allowed the "," to stand, but neglected to strike out the words in the margin, and passed the proof on, into the press-room. So then it came to pass that the words in the margin were taken as a part of the text and the verse was printed: "But as then he that was born after the flesh persecuted him that was born after the Spirit, to remain, even so it is now."
This was a 12mo Bible printed at Cambridge in 1805 for the British and Foreign Bible Society. The error was repeated in the Society's 8vo Edition of 1805-6, and in their 12mo Edition of 1819.
The "Treacle" Bible. The Bishops' Bible, 1568. Jeremiah viii. 22 reads, "Is there no treacle in Gilead?" Wycliffe's version reads "triacle"; so does Coverdale.
"Treacle" to-day is a term for molasses. It was not always so. The word is one that has a more striking history than many others in the English language.
"Therion" is the Greek word for a "wild beast" (cf. Acts xxviii. 5). In the days when it was thought that a remedy made from a serpent's venom was the best remedy for a serpent's bite, and so on, a Greek word, "theriake," came to be used for such a remedy. This in time came to be "theriakle," and in English with the same meaning, "triacle," and then "treacle." In Old English poetry (Spenser, Milton, etc.) the words "triacle" and "treacle" are often used in this very sense; a controversial theological work has the sub-title of "a suvran treacle against all heresies." Sir Thomas More (Treatise on the Passion, p. 1357) refers to our Lord's miracles as "a most strong treacle against those venomous heresies." But the special idea appears more clearly in such a phrase as "and of the poison to make a triacle." We see, then, the natural use of the word in old days in Jeremiah viii. 22. In time, the word was used by medical men for what they called a "vehicle," something in which they might administer a remedy that would be unpleasant to take by itself. When molasses came from the West Indies it was found to be such an excellent "vehicle" that the word "treacle" was at once applied to it. Our modern meaning of and associations with the word are entirely different from those of 1568.
The "Vinegar" Bible. An Oxford edition of the A. V. 1717. Heading of page which contains Luke xx. reads "vinegar" for "vineyard."
J. Baskett issued two Bibles of nearly similar date and of nearly similar size, both of which contain this error.
The one has the date 1717 in the first Title, and the date 1716 in the New Testament Title. The other has 1717 in both Titles.
The "Wicked" Bible. 1632. In the Seventh Commandment "not" is omitted.
The "Wife Hater" Bible. Luke xiv. 26: "If any man come unto Me and hate not his father yea and his own wife also." Printed in 1810.
Such mistakes as "place-makers," "to remain," etc., are now impossible. The British and Foreign Bible Society will not allow a Bible to be issued until the proof has been read twenty times.
In the Oxford Reprint of 1834 of the A. V. of 1611 there is a curious error in Exodus xiv. 10, where the words "the children of Israel lift up their eyes and behold the Egyptians marched after them and they were sore afraid and"—are repeated.
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Saturday, March 21, 2020
Archbishop James Ussher on This Day in History
This Day in History: Irish archbishop James Ussher died on this day in 1656. If you have an old King James Bible with annotations you may already have Ussher's Biblical chronology, which at Genesis 1 has the creation of the world set at October 23, 4004 B.C., at 9am. While this date came under fire in later centuries, the fantasy novel Good Omens humorously stated that he was only "off by a quarter of an hour." Evolutionary biologist Stephen Jay Gould came to Ussher's defense, not for being correct, but for it being "an honorable effort for its time." After all Isaac Newton put the year of creation at 4000 B.C., Kepler chose 3977 B.C. and Martin Luther insisted it was 3961 B.C.
https://thebookshelf2015.blogspot.com/2017/11/aquinas-augustine-and-illusion-of-time.html
See also 215 Books on Christian and Bible Theology on DVDrom
Thursday, March 19, 2020
Forgotten Voices on What the Holy Spirit Really Is?
As we perceive that God possesses, and that too in the highest perfection, those qualities of intelligence and will which constitute a spiritual existence, we justly conclude that he is a Spirit. Hence it follows, that all the attributes which he possesses as a Spirit are connected either with his understanding or his will. And, as he possesses these attributes in the highest perfection, he is the most perfect Spirit. ... The Hebrew word RUAH, which is translated “spirit,” signified, properly and originally, “wind,” “breath” (and so “speech”), and “life.”... The Hebrews gave the name RUAH to all the invisible powers, whether physical or moral, which they saw in operation in the universe, and consequently to God himself, who is possessed of all conceivable powers, in the highest possible degree. Thus "Spirit of Jehovah" came to signify (a) the nature of God in general; (b) his invisible power, as exercised both in the material world, in its creation (Gen. 1:2), &c., and in the soul of man, in promoting its moral improvement, in the act of inspiration, and in various other ways: vide 2 Sam. 23:1, 2. — G. C. KNAPP: Christian Theology, sect. xix.
To our minds, it [the phrase Spirit of God, or Holy Spirit] has a definite meaning. We understand it as the third person of the Holy Trinity. The usage in the Old Testament does not necessarily imply such a knowledge. It is sometimes a term convertible with God. Sometimes it means a divine influence. It is the exerted or manifested power of Jehovah. It is either God himself, or an agency assumed as the medium of the divine operation. There is no positive evidence that the Spirit spoken of in the Old Testament was recognized either as a mode of the divine existence, or as one of a Trinity of persons in the divine essence. It was either a name of God himself, not indicating any peculiarity in his nature, or the expression of the divine energy as it produced results in the material world, or enlightened and directed the human mind. —DR. SETH SWEETSER, in Bibliotheca Sacra for January, 1854; vol. xi. p. 99.
Sunday, March 15, 2020
Quotes on the Trinity Doctrine
God is simultaneously himself his son (and a ghost). Makes sense.- Richards Dawkins
http://undeniably-atheist.blogspot.com/2011/05/trinity-is-absurd.html
"Christ, according to the faith, is the second person in the Trinity, the Father being the first and the Holy Ghost third. Each of these persons is God. Christ is his own father and his own son. The Holy Ghost is neither father nor son, but both. The son was begotten by the father, but existed before he was begotten--just the same before as after. Christ is just as old as his father, and the father is just as young as his son. The Holy Ghost proceeded from the Father and Son, but was equal to the Father and Son before he proceeded, that is to say, before he existed, but he is of the same age as the other two. So it is declared that the Father is God, and the Son and the Holy Ghost God, and these three Gods make one God. According to the celestial multiplication table, once one is three, and three time one is one, and according to heavenly subtraction if we take two from three, three are left. The addition is equally peculiar: if we add two to one we have but one. Each one equal to himself and to the other two. Nothing ever was, nothing ever can be more perfectly idiotic and absurd than the dogma of the Trinity."
[Ingersoll's Works, Vol. 4, p. 266-67].
"There is scarcely any thing, however, too absurd or too extravagant for a Trinitarian to say, or suppose, when he is called upon to fence round, and to defend, the idolatrous doctrine of the Trinity; to the blasphemous absurdities of which he has surrendered his judgment. He has so many absurd positions to maintain, that he becomes familiar with absurdity; and is ever ready to take any amount of it under his guardianship."
~George Stuart Hawthorne (M.D.)
The Christians, scarcely content with the crowd of enigmas with which the books of the Jews are filled, have besides fancied they must add to them a great many incomprehensible mysteries, for, which they have the most profound veneration. Their impenetrable obscurity appears to be a sufficient motive among them for adding these. Their priests, encouraged by their credulity, which nothing can outdo, seem to be studious to multiply the articles of their faith, and the number of inconceivable objects which they have said must be received with submission, and adored even if not understood.
Baron D'Holbach
“The hocus-pocus phantasm of a God like another Cerberus, with one body and three heads, had its birth and growth in the blood of thousands and thousands of martyrs... In fact, the Athanasian paradox that one is three, and three but one, is so incomprehensible to the human mind, that no candid man can say he has any idea of it, and how can he believe what presents no idea? He who thinks he does, only deceives himself. He proves, also, that man, once surrendering his reason, has no remaining guard against absurdities the most monstrous, and like a ship without a rudder, is the sport of every wind. With such persons, gullibility which they call faith, takes the helm from the hand of reason, and the mind becomes a wreck.
[Letter to James Smith discussing Jefferson's hate of the doctrine of the Christian trinity, December 8 1822]”
Thomas Jefferson, Letters of Thomas Jefferson
https://www.goodreads.com/quotes/tag/the-trinity
The Absurdity of the Trinity
Trinitarian doctrine is not designed to actually be sensible but to sound plausible. The above diagram illustrates what the doctrine really expresses. Like a man who tries to detect a how magician's illusion works, but is unable do so, most people are kept in just enough confusion that they are unable to detect how they are being tricked.
http://www.angelfire.com/space/thegospeltruth/TTD/topics/trinityshield.html
The doctrine of the Trinity, observes a celebrated writer, confounds reason and prompts it to revolt. If there be any visible difficulties, they are those which are contained in that mystery, that three persons really distinct have one and the same essence, and that this essence being the same thing in each person, all the relations that distinguish them may be communicated without the communication of the relations which distinguish the persons. If human reason consults herself, she will rise up against these inconceivable statements; if she pretends to make use of her own light to penetrate them, it will furnish her with arms to overthrow them. Wherefore in order to believe them she ought to bind herself to stifle all her powers of investigation, and to depress and sink herself under the weight of spiritual authority. ~J. S. Hyndman
The doctrine of the Trinity has indeed been so sublimated and refined, and so reduced in the rigidity of its old technical terms, that it may now be said to offer itself in some quite inoffensive and unobjectionable shapes to that large number of persons who feel bound to accept it in some shape, and yet are aware that in full mental honesty they can accept it only in the least dogmatic and most accommodated shape.~Rev. George E. Ellis
The claim that there are "three persons in the Godhead" is the invention of men whose aim was only to make religion complex, intricate, and mysterious. Jesus never said anything about three persons in the Godhead. If it were true, He was one of the persons and must have known it. He was silent as to the composition of the "Godhead." Every text that might be said to support such a teaching is ambiguous, while there are numerous texts to prove that He believed in one Heavenly Father, one only God!~John S. Hawley
https://newworldtranslation.blogspot.com/2018/11/the-unreasonable-unscriptural.html
We complain of the doctrine of the Trinity, that, not satisfied with making God three beings, it makes Jesus Christ two beings, and thus introduces infinite confusion into our conceptions of his character. This corruption of Christianity, alike repugnant to common sense and to the general strain of Scripture, is a remarkable proof of the power of a false philosophy in disfiguring the simple truth of Jesus.
https://newworldtranslation.blogspot.com/2018/03/the-hypostatic-union-enormous-tax-on.html
Can any theologian throughout all Christendom to-day give us any intelligible account of its origin and primary meaning? Not one. For that we must go to mythology, which was earlier than our theology, and which alone enables us to explain its primitive mysteries. ~Gerald Massey
https://newworldtranslation.blogspot.com/2019/08/gerald-massey-on-trinity-doctrine.html
In the Fourth Century B.C. Aristotle wrote: "All things are three, and thrice is all: and let us use this number in the worship of the gods; for, as the Pythagoreans say, everything and all things are bounded by threes, for the end, the middle, and the beginning have this number in everything, and these compose the number of the Trinity." The Ancient Egyptians, whose influence on early religious thought was profound, usually arranged their gods or goddesses in trinities: there was the trinity of Osiris, Isis, and Horus, the trinity of Amen, Mut, and Khonsu, the trinity of Khnum, Satis, and Anukis, and so forth.
https://newworldtranslation.blogspot.com/2019/05/the-trinity-and-paganism-by-arthur.html
Alluding to the doctrine of the Trinity, Thomas Jefferson says: "It is too late in the day for men of sincerity to pretend they believe in the Platonic mysticism that three are one and one is three, and yet, that the one is not three, and the three not one.... But this constitutes the craft, the power, and profits of the priests. Sweep away their gossamer fabrics of fictitious religion, and they would catch no more flies" (Jefferson s Works, Vol. IV, p. 205, Randolph's ed.).
https://newworldtranslation.blogspot.com/2019/04/is-doctrine-of-trinity-taught-in-new.html
Very many Trinitarians have candidly acknowledged the force of one or all of the objections which have just been hinted at. They allow that the Trinitarian scheme is burdened with the most serious perplexities to the understanding, that it is not simply a mystery, like some of the other tenets of their faith, but a confounding and puzzling enigma, teasing their minds, rather than yielding them an instructive idea, straining their comprehension instead of enlightening it.
https://newworldtranslation.blogspot.com/2019/04/the-trinity-doctrine-confounding-and.html
In the earliest Christian documents the Triad idea is not present; it arose, like most of the rites of the cult, by way of assimilation of convenient doctrines from other systems; men trained in Egyptian and Syrian mysticisms turning the formulas of these to the uses of the new system. We need not here ask whether they were "dishonest" or merely "confused." In our strict sense of the term they were both; they could not be "sincere" because their intellectual processes were so undisciplined, so lax, so incompetent. Once set up, however, the trinitarian formula became a stumbling-block for the more intelligent theologians; and many of these sought to rationalise it in some such fashion as I have above indicated. But to do this was to put in jeopardy one or other of the elements of the faith on which its prestige appeared to rest. If "the Son" were defined as a mere "phase" of the Deity, the gospel story in general and the doctrines of the divine sacrifice and the eucharist were resolved into mere avowed metaphors; the hold of the priesthood on the hopes and fears of the multitude would be gone; and with the faith would vanish the revenue. If, on the other hand, the separateness of "the Son" from the Father were alone insisted on, the monotheistic basis, emphasised in the Old Testament, would be upset, and Christianity would be only one school of polytheism competing with others. The insoluble dilemma was met by an unintelligible formula; the Church affirmed both sides of a contradiction; the religious habit sufficed to make the little-reasoning majority acquiesce; and there the dogma stands to-day, a shibboleth fit for savages, the intellectual scandal and demoralisation of the Christian system.
https://newworldtranslation.blogspot.com/2019/02/the-intellectual-scandal-of-trinity.html
The Trinitarian formula is used in all churches for every religious act or ceremony, for the induction into all orders and lodges, even for spiritualistic sessions, and all the more throughout the entire occultism. It is not biblical; therefore, it can only be unbiblical. It is not of divine origin; therefore, it is false inspiration and deception.
https://newworldtranslation.blogspot.com/2019/01/frank-ewald-on-trinity.html
The Translators of our English Bible, able men as they undoubtedly were, translated with a prejudice in favour of the Doctrine of the Trinity; and this led them to commit various grave blunders which, from being accepted as the true Word of God, have contributed to prevent free inquiry, and have also been used as arguments to prove the Truth of the doctrine in question, as if their mistranslations were indeed the Word of God itself.
https://newworldtranslation.blogspot.com/2018/12/how-belief-in-trinity-has-prejudiced.html
Why was not the doctrine of the trinity taught as explicitly, and in as definite a manner, in the New Testament at least, as the doctrine of the divine unity is taught in both the Old and New Testaments, if it be a truth? And why is the doctrine of the unity always delivered in so unguarded a manner, and without any exception made in favour of the trinity, to prevent any mistake with respect to it, as is always now done in our orthodox catechisms, creeds, and discourses on the subject? For you cannot deny but the doctrine of the trinity looks so like an infringement of that of the unity, on which the greatest possible stress is always laid in the scriptures, that it required to be at least hinted at, if not well defined and explained, when the divine unity was spoken of You are content, however, to build so strange and inexplicable a doctrine as that of the trinity upon mere inferences from casual expressions, and cannot pretend to one clear, express, and unequivocal lesson on the subject. ~Joseph Priestley
Sunday, March 8, 2020
The Transubstantiation Superstition
The doctrine of Transubstantiation is a Romish superstition prevalent in America. The sacrifice of the mass is an inheritance from the heathen. The word of God is expressly contrary to it. In all of Paul's epistles we are told that Christ effected our redemption on Calvary, - died once to atone for human sins, and that man's guilt was thereby cancelled; that he justified by his death all the generations of the earth, that his blood alone saves the world. According to the Council of Trent, the mass is the continuation of the sacrifice on Calvary. Continuation there was no need of any. “We are sanctified through the offering of the body of Jesus Christ once for all.” And every priest standeth daily ministering and offering oftentimes the same sacrifices which can never take away sins; but this man, after he had offered one sacrifice for sins forever, sat down on the right hand of God; from henceforth expecting till his enemies be made his footstool. For by one offering he hath perfected forever them that are sanctified. Whereof the Holy Ghost also is a witness; for after that he had said before, this is the covenant that I will make with them after those days saith the Lord. I will put my laws into their hearts, and in their minds will I write them, and their sins and iniquities will I remember no more.” Heb. 10: 10–17.
Notwithstanding these positive utterances of Holy Writ, we find in the Roman Catholic's catechism, approved and in use in Boston, these words:—
Q. What is the Holy Eucharist?
A. The Holy Eucharist is a sacrament which contains really and indeed the body and blood, the soul and divinity of our Lord Jesus Christ, under the forms and appearances of bread and wine.
Q. Does anything remain of the bread and wine after consecration?
A. No; the substance of the bread is changed into that of the body of Jesus Christ, and the substance of the wine is changed into that of his blood.
Q. What is this change called?
A. It is called transubstantiation.
Q. How is this change effected?
A. It is effected through the almighty power of the words of Jesus Christ spoken by the priest in mass.
This is the boastful claim. It is pretended, and Romanists are superstitious enough to believe, that a priest can make a God, an Omnipotent, Infinite, Omniscient, Almighty, Eternal, Invisible and Omnipresent God, whenever he so chooses and wills. Without characterizing the claim, let us examine it. Are the words, “This is my body, this is my blood,” to be understood in a literal sense? On another occasion Christ said, “I am the bread that came down from heaven;” and no one ever supposed that he was actually bread, and subsequently changed or transubstantiated. Said a Romanist recently, whose attention was called to the absurdity of this claim, “A little examination was sufficient to shake my belief in that doctrine which I had hitherto professed. Would Jesus Christ have told us things that were impossible to be? Now, it is impossible, absolutely impossible, that what is bread should, at one and the same time, be his body, and that what is wine should contemporaneously be his blood. This cannot be either simultaneously or successively. The church of Rome saw the first to be an absurdity, and, therefore, held to the second. But how can the body of Christ become bread, and his blood wine, if such change be not in accordance with the laws of nature? Could Christ deceive us? Now, it is not true that bread and wine, according to nature, has ceased to exist in the sacrament, for we see they do exist; that which we see and touch and taste, are natural bread and wine. Can there be faith against nature? And yet that is against nature which neither is nor can be; whatever is must be according to nature's laws. There may be substances of a higher nature, and subject to superior laws, than those with which we are acquainted; but they can never exist in contradiction to them, since Nature herself, in that case, would be destroyed. Therefore, what is bread and wine cannot — not be bread and wine; God, omnipotent as he is, cannot order it otherwise. But the sacrament, after consecration, is always natural bread and wine; therefore, it is not the substance of the body and blood of Christ.”
Transubstantiation is not only Illogical, it is Unnecessary.
Paul truly said, the kingdom of God is not meat and drink, but righteousness and peace in the Holy Ghost (Rom. 14: 17). Christ said, It is the spirit that quickeneth, the flesh profiteth nothing; the words that I speak unto you, they are spirit and they are life (John 6: 63). Corporeal substances may be a type, a figure of the spiritual, but nothing more. The words of Christ are full of truth and wisdom. The interpretation of the Romanist is a grovelling conception, full of error, falsehood, and absurdity. Christ could not better symbolize the effect of his passion and death than by the bread and wine. And we cannot more grossly abuse it than by attributing to a sinful priest the virtue and power of the Saviour; with the additional enormity, that what Christ has been able to do once, a wretched priest can repeat as often as he chooses. No wonder that many priests in this land refuse and declare that the mass is nothing but a lie, a solemn imposture, an actual sacrilegious assault upon Christ.
The dogma which constitutes the mass, with its double element of transubstantiation and propitiatory sacrifice, is the most fatal of Romish doctrines, the most detestable of all heresies, and the most abominable of all practices. Around this as their sun revolves all the rest of the papal system. If there is no propitiatory sacrifice but through the Eucharist, if the priest controls it, and has it in his power to make Christ, or to refuse to do so, every worshipper is bound to the priesthood by his every hope of salvation.
Contemplate the use made of this alleged sacrifice. Money, said Gavazzi, is the end of all popish practices. Money procures masses for the repose of souls in purgatory. In proportion to the alms, the mass, it is said, has more efficacy, because God regards the money given, and in proportion grants more suffrages to the souls in torments. Because of this pretended claim to power, millions of money have been won for Rome, and millions more are forthcoming. Here rests the power of control which enables priests to build these magnificent institutions and churches, despite the poverty of their people and the blasphemous character of their boastful pretension. “The ancient pagans worshipped their god under material forms; the Assyrians the sun; the Egyptians, reptiles and vegetables; the Greeks, heroes; the Romans, emperors; and the modern pagans, under the form of a stone, or a tree. These were called and are called pagans, because they worship God under material forms. But the Roman Catholics, according to the Boston Catechism, worship God under this material form of bread and wine; therefore, are we not justified in pronouncing Romanism as no better than paganism?
It is because of this superstition that Rome holds in her hand the destiny of the soul. The dying wait for extreme unction and rest their faith on a bread-God which a man makes, rather than on the atonement of the Lord Jesus Christ, slain on Calvary that every believer may have life. Because of this, the sermon has been largely excluded from the sanctuary, and instead of the bread of life furnished in the gospel, there is a forest of candles burning at the altar; people are counting their beads and praying before pictures; mummeries take the place of worship, and chants to the virgin the praises to Almighty God.
This superstition is here, and its influence is felt. That it should be tolerated is a surprise to the reflecting. Enter a Catholic church on Christmas. There is the archbishop in his robes, with his cross, his crook, and his crozier; there are priests in numbers moving about making their crosses, obeisances, and genuflections. When the bishop rises, crook and crosier move before him, and priests follow after; the book is shifted from side to side, and is read and chanted in a language which none understand. There is the elevating of the host and the bowing down of the people; the waving of incense, prostrations, lustrations, and all the usual accompaniments of such a service, no better than a pantomine, and not much different from a play at a theatre. If mass thus performed, with all the splendor and pomp of ritual, is thus unmeaning, how insipid must it be when...performed in country chapels by ignorant priests “who hunt up the sheep to shear off the wool.” For, be it remembered, the people cannot obtain the forgiveness of their sins only in the church and at the hands of their priest. Hence, in lands most full of superstition, their churches throng with worshippers, and in lands illumined by the Gospel, the learned become infidel, and the women go to mass.
On the contrary, behold the faith of the gospel with those who believe in Christ rather than in the surroundings of Christ; with those who recognize the fact, that Jesus, not the manger, — not Mary, - not the gifts, but Jesus, the child Jesus, the man Jesus, the crucified, - Jesus the risen and ascended Lord is our hope; the bread and wine symbolizes the body and blood of Christ. Approaching the Lord's supper, we enjoy sacramental union with Christ in this last supper, and commemorate his death till he come; thus we escape all the false consequences of stating “you have the real presence of Christ in this wafer;” thus we save ourselves from the charge of being cannibal, or Christ eaters; thus we do God's will and obey Christ's commands and can pray, Oh, Christ! be all in all, that all may profit by thy blood! Christ, teach all by thy inspired Word, to worship Thee accordingly; open all eyes by means of Thy truth to escape the delusions of human doctrines towards Thee! Thus do we receive all from Christ; give all to Christ; labor all for Christ, and Christ becomes all in all, and is for all. Christ in life, Christ in the hour of anguish, Christ in the time of tribulation, Christ in death, Christ our joy and glory forever!
Sunday, March 1, 2020
St. Patrick a Protestant
The Irish bishop is called a Roman saint, and is claimed to have been the champion of popery. Processions are held in his honor, and faith is exercised in his power to help in America quite as much as in Ireland.
Patrick was not even a Romanist. He was not a messenger of the pope, but of Christ. He went to Ireland of his own accord, and established a church independent of Rome. Churches on the model of the great apostle were established in France and Germany, and were persecuted on the continent as in Ireland. In A. D. 602, the Irish Columbanus was ordered to leave France by a council to which he wrote, pleading for liberty of conscience; and five centuries after the time of Saint Patrick, Saint Bernard reproached the Irish for being Pagans, unconnected with Rome, because every little town had its independent bishop; and it was not until 1148 that Rome obtained a secure foothold in Ireland, when the clergy suicided their independence, and sacrificed themselves upon the altar of Rome. Irishmen worship the Virgin Mary. Not so with Patrick. A glorious hymn remains as composed by him the day previous to his controversy with the Irish prince, but not a word in it to Mary; all his beautiful aspirations, all his warm affections, all his victorious hopes, are to and from Christ alone. If Irishmen would follow Patrick as he followed Christ, they would leave the altar of Mary and turn to the cross of Christ, and lift their island from beneath the heel of priestly superstition into the sunlight of God's favor.
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